Plugin Development Guide

#include "SDK\amx\amx.h"
#include "SDK\plugincommon.h"


typedef void (*logprintf_t)(const char* format, ...);
logprintf_t logprintf;
extern void *pAMXFunctions;


cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL HelloWorld(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    logprintf("This was printed from the Test plugin! Yay!");
    return 1;
}

PLUGIN_EXPORT unsigned int PLUGIN_CALL Supports()
{
    return SUPPORTS_VERSION | SUPPORTS_AMX_NATIVES;
}

PLUGIN_EXPORT bool PLUGIN_CALL Load(void **ppData)
{
    pAMXFunctions = ppData[PLUGIN_DATA_AMX_EXPORTS];
    logprintf = (logprintf_t) ppData[PLUGIN_DATA_LOGPRINTF];

    logprintf(" * Test plugin was loaded.");
    return true;
}

PLUGIN_EXPORT void PLUGIN_CALL Unload()
{
    logprintf(" * Test plugin was unloaded.");
}

AMX_NATIVE_INFO PluginNatives[] =
{
    {"HelloWorld", HelloWorld},
    {0, 0}
};

PLUGIN_EXPORT int PLUGIN_CALL AmxLoad( AMX *amx )
{
    return amx_Register(amx, PluginNatives, -1);
}


PLUGIN_EXPORT int PLUGIN_CALL AmxUnload( AMX *amx )
{
    return AMX_ERR_NONE;
}

EXPORTS
      Supports
      Load
      Unload
      AmxLoad
      AmxUnload

enum
{
  AMX_ERR_NONE,
  /* reserve the first 15 error codes for exit codes of the abstract machine */
  AMX_ERR_EXIT,         /* forced exit */
  AMX_ERR_ASSERT,       /* assertion failed */
  AMX_ERR_STACKERR,     /* stack/heap collision */
  AMX_ERR_BOUNDS,       /* index out of bounds */
  AMX_ERR_MEMACCESS,    /* invalid memory access */
  AMX_ERR_INVINSTR,     /* invalid instruction */
  AMX_ERR_STACKLOW,     /* stack underflow */
  AMX_ERR_HEAPLOW,      /* heap underflow */
  AMX_ERR_CALLBACK,     /* no callback, or invalid callback */
  AMX_ERR_NATIVE,       /* native function failed */
  AMX_ERR_DIVIDE,       /* divide by zero */
  AMX_ERR_SLEEP,        /* go into sleepmode - code can be restarted */
  AMX_ERR_INVSTATE,     /* invalid state for this access */

  AMX_ERR_MEMORY = 16,  /* out of memory */
  AMX_ERR_FORMAT,       /* invalid file format */
  AMX_ERR_VERSION,      /* file is for a newer version of the AMX */
  AMX_ERR_NOTFOUND,     /* function not found */
  AMX_ERR_INDEX,        /* invalid index parameter (bad entry point) */
  AMX_ERR_DEBUG,        /* debugger cannot run */
  AMX_ERR_INIT,         /* AMX not initialized (or doubly initialized) */
  AMX_ERR_USERDATA,     /* unable to set user data field (table full) */
  AMX_ERR_INIT_JIT,     /* cannot initialize the JIT */
  AMX_ERR_PARAMS,       /* parameter error */
  AMX_ERR_DOMAIN,       /* domain error, expression result does not fit in range */
  AMX_ERR_GENERAL,      /* general error (unknown or unspecific error) */
};

int amx_Allot(AMX *amx, int cells, cell *amx_addr, cell **phys_addr);

[float] amx_ctof([cell] c);

  int amx_Exec(AMX *amx, long *retval, int index);

int amx_FindPublic(AMX *amx, char *funcname, int *index);

[cell] amx_ftoc([float] f);

int amx_GetAddr(AMX *amx,cell amx_addr,cell **phys_addr);

int amx_GetString(char *dest, cell *source, int use_wchar, size_t size);

int amx_Push(AMX *amx, cell value);

int amx_PushArray(AMX *amx, cell *amx_addr, cell **phys_addr, const cell array[], int numcells);

int amx PushString(AMX *amx, cell *amx_addr, cell **phys_addr, const char *string, int pack, int use_wchar);

int amx Register(AMX *amx, AMX NATIVE INFO *list, int number);

int amx Release(AMX *amx,cell amx_addr);

int amx SetString(cell *dest, char *source, int pack, int use_wchar, size_t size);

int amx_StrLen(const cell *cstring, int *length);

amx_StrParam([AMX*] amx, int] param, [char*] result);

//An array of the functions we wish to register with the abstract machine.
AMX_NATIVE_INFO PluginNatives[] =
{
    //Here we specify our native functions information and terminate the array with two null values.
    {"HelloWorld", HelloWorld},
    {0, 0}
};

PLUGIN_EXPORT int PLUGIN_CALL AmxLoad( AMX *amx )
{
    //Here we register our natives to the abstract machine. Note how we're using -1. Normally this would have to be the number of
    //functions we're registering, but since we terminated the array with two null values, we can specify -1.
    return amx_Register(amx, PluginNatives, -1);
}

//This function demonstrates: how to get a string (and its length) from PAWN.
//PAWN native: native PrintPawnString(const str[]);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL PrintPawnString(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    int
        len = NULL,
        ret = NULL;

    cell *addr  = NULL;

    //Get the address of our string param (str) and then get its length
    amx_GetAddr(amx, params[1], &addr);
    amx_StrLen(addr, &len);

    //if the length of input isnt 0
    if(len)
    {
        //We increase len because we want to make room for the terminating null char when we allocate memory.
        //Also because GetString's size parameter counts the null chracter, we have to specify the length
        //of the string + 1; otherwise our string will be truncated to make room for the null char (we'd lose 1 character).
        len++;

        //Allocate memory to hold our string we're passing (str) and then "get" the string using our allocated memory to store it.
        char* text = new char[ len ];
        amx_GetString(text, addr, 0, len);

        //Use logprintf to print out string (text). We dont use std::cout because it doesnt write to the server log (only the console).
        logprintf(text);

        //Deallocate our memory...
        delete[] text;
    }
    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: an alternative method to getting strings from pawn- and the possible risks that come with it.
//PAWN native: native PrintPawnString2(const str[]);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL PrintPawnString2(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    //This method is NOT recomended as the amx_StrParam macro uses the alloca function which is NOT a standard in C, OR C++.
    //Using this method comes with risks of overflowing the stack (If you allocate large amounts of memory) and also
    //gives you the risk of bugs (this function is machine AND compiler dependent- some implementations are said to be bugged).

    char* text = NULL;
    amx_StrParam(amx, params[1], text);

    //Check if text is null
    if(text != NULL)
    {
        //Use logprintf to print out string (text). We dont use std::cout because it doesnt write to the server log (only the console).
        logprintf(text);
    }
    return 1;

//This function demonstrates: how to modify a PAWN string.
//PAWN native: native SetPawnString(str[], len = sizeof(str));
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL SetPawnString(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    const string message = "This is a string from C/++!!";
    cell* addr = NULL;

    //Get the address of our string parameter (str) and store our message
    amx_GetAddr(amx, params[1], &addr);
    amx_SetString(addr, message.c_str(), 0, 0, params[2]);
    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: how to cast a float to a PAWN float, and return it.
//PAWN native: native Float:ReturnPawnFloatVal();
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL ReturnPawnFloatVal(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    //Since PAWN is a typeless language it stores everything as a 32bit integer and relies on tags to handle special data.
    //A floating point number is no exception to this; It's a still 32bit int, but it has a Float tag to show that it shouldnt
    //be treated like an regular integer. So how do we convert a float to an 32bit integer (for PAWN) without losing data?
    //The answer is the amx_ftoc macro!

    //The macro amx_ftoc type casts a float into a cell while preserving its bit pattern (amx_ctof does the inverse).
    const float f = 22.624f;
    return amx_ftoc(f);
}

//This function demonstrates: How to pass parameters by reference.
//PAWN native: native SetPawnReferenceVars(&value1, &Float:value2);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL SetPawnReferenceVars(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    const int val = 65;
    const float val2 = 84.54f;

    cell* addr[2] = {NULL, NULL};

    //Get the addresses of "value1" and "value2"
    amx_GetAddr(amx, params[1], &addr[0]);
    amx_GetAddr(amx, params[2], &addr[1]);

    //Dereference our pointers and assign our values. Remember to ALWAYS use the macro "amx_ftoc" to convert floats into
    //cells (the appropriate float format for PAWN)!
    *addr[0] = val;
    *addr[1] = amx_ftoc(val2);

    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: how to get and modify array values.
//PAWN native: native PrintPawnArray(arr[], size = sizeof(arr));
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL PrintPawnArray(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    //Make sure there's something to print...
    if(params[2] > 0)
    {
        cell* addr = NULL;

        //Get the address of the first value in our PAWN array.
        amx_GetAddr(amx, params[1], &addr);

        for(int i = 0, l = params[2]; i < l; i++)
        {
            //This is pretty straight forward: We dereference the addr pointer to get our value to print.
            //You should know this already, but arrays and pointers are almost the same thing, so we can use pointer
            //arithmetic to add an offset OR just use the subscript operator (in the end *(addr+1) and addr[1] are the same).
            logprintf("arr[%d] = %d", i, *(addr + i));

            //If you wanted to modify the array you would just change its value by dereferencing addr and assigning a new value.
            //You should know this as well, im just adding it in for completeness. Here we change the first value of our array
            //to 5 (Note: Since its the first value, no offset it used).

            // *(addr) = 5;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: How to call a callback that is in a PAWN script.
//PAWN native: native EmitPawnCallback();
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL EmitPawnCallback(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    int idx;

    const cell var = 3;
    const cell arr[] = {100, 4, 33};
    const string str = "Some random message from C++.";


    //Pawn callback: forward OnPawnCallbackEmitted(var, arr[], str[]);
    //Find our callback and store its place in the public function table (it's index) into our idx var.
    if(!amx_FindPublic(amx, "OnPawnCallbackEmitted", &idx))
    {
        cell
            ret,
            addr;

        //Here we push our arguments to our function. Note that if the function has multiple arguments you have to push your
        //values in reverse order! Thats why we're pushing the string first, then the array, and finally our integer.

        amx_PushString(amx, &addr, NULL, str.c_str(), NULL, NULL);
        //amx_PushArray(amx, NULL, NULL, arr, sizeof(arr) / sizeof(cell));

        cell
            amx_addr,
            *phys_addr;

        //For some reason amx_PushArray seems to be crashing the server, and i have NO idea why. My usage should be completely
        //valid judging from the implementers guide, and the code itself. Since the function isnt working we'll have to
        //use the old method and allocate the memory, set it, and push it all ourselves. This is pretty straight forward. We
        //allocate memory on the heap using amx_Allot (this returns 2 addresses- one of the location in the abstract machine
        //(amx_addr), and one relative to the actual server's address space (phsy_addr - which we can use in C++)). Once the
        //memory is allocated we use memcpy to copy the memory from our array to our phys_addr address location.
        amx_Allot(amx, sizeof(arr) / sizeof(cell), &amx_addr, &phys_addr);
        memcpy(phys_addr, arr, sizeof(arr));
        amx_Push(amx, amx_addr);

        //Push our integer value
        amx_Push(amx, var);

        //Execute our function using our previously obtained idx var.
        //Note: This function's second parameter is what the callback returned (Can be NULL if you're not interested in return values).
        amx_Exec(amx, &ret, idx);

        //Release our memory that we allocated. The function amx_Alloc allocates memory on the heap in the abstract machine.
        //The functions amx_PushString and amx_PushArray both use this function internally so you have to release the memory every time
        //you use one of those functions. NOTE: We used both amx_PushString and amx_PushArray, and yet we only have ONE release call.
        //This is because memory on the heap is allocated in ascending order! amx_Release release all the memory above a certain point
        //(the second parameter, amx_addr - which is our addr variable). Since it does this we ONLY store the address from the amx_PushString
        //call, as it'll delete everything from that point on.
        amx_Release(amx, addr);

        //Print the return value (for completeness).
        logprintf("EmitPawnCallback NOTE:  OnPawnCallbackEmitted callback returned %d!", ret);

    }
    return 1;

i = integer
f = float value
s = string
v = reference variable (GetPlayerPos, GetPlayerKeys, etc.)
p = string var (GetPlayerName etc.)

//This function demonstrates: how to use invoke to call SA-MP natives.
//PAWN native: native WhereIsPlayer(playerid);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL WhereIsPlayer(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    float
        x = NULL,
        y = NULL,
        z = NULL;

    //Get the player's position (and check to see if he is even connected).
    if(g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerPos, params[1], &x, &y, &z))
    {
        char name[24];

        //Get the rest of the player's information (name, interior, and virtualworld) and print it.
        g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerName, params[1], name);
        int interior = g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerInterior, params[1]);
        int virtualworld = g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerVirtualWorld, params[1]);

        logprintf("%s is at X: %.2f, Y: %.2f, Z: %.2f (Virtual world: %d, Interior %d).", name, x, y, z, virtualworld, interior);
        return 1;

    }
    return 0;
}

//This function demonstrates: how to write a native to act as a callback.
//PAWN native: native TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect(playerid);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    //Get the players name
    char name[24];
    g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerName, params[1], name);

    //Check if his name is "Mario".
    if(string("Mario") == name)
    {
        //If it is send our funny little message and kick him.
        g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::SendClientMessage, params[1], 0xFFFFFFFF, "Sorry {FF0000}Mario, {FFFFFF}but your princess is in another server.");
        g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::Kick, params[1]);
    }
    return 1;
}

public OnPlayerConnect(playerid)
{
    TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect(playerid);
    //..

    if(funcidx("TEST_OnPlayerConnect") != -1)
    {
        return CallLocalFunction("TEST_OnPlayerConnect", "d", playerid);
    }
    return 1;
}

#if defined _ALS_OnPlayerConnect
    #undef OnPlayerConnect
#else
    #define _ALS_OnPlayerConnect
#endif
#define OnPlayerConnect TEST_OnPlayerConnect

forward TEST_OnPlayerConnect(playerid);

//Anything with the prefix "TEST" should be changed if you called your plugin something
//different. This also goes for the plugin code (TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnect specifically).
#if defined _TEST_INCLUDED
    #endinput
#endif
#define _TEST_INCLUDED
#pragma library Test

#include <a_samp>

//Example natives
native PrintPawnString(const str[]);
native PrintPawnString2(const str[]);
native SetPawnString(str[], len = sizeof(str));
native Float:ReturnPawnFloatVal();
native SetPawnReferenceVars(&value1, &Float:value2);
native PrintPawnArray(arr[], size = sizeof(arr));
native EmitPawnCallback();
native WhereIsPlayer(playerid);
native TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect(playerid);

//Invoke native
native Invoke_GetAddresses();


//Callback hooks
public OnPlayerConnect(playerid)
{
    TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect(playerid);
    //..

    if(funcidx("TEST_OnPlayerConnect") != -1)
    {
        return CallLocalFunction("TEST_OnPlayerConnect", "d", playerid);
    }
    return 1;
}

#if defined _ALS_OnPlayerConnect
    #undef OnPlayerConnect
#else
    #define _ALS_OnPlayerConnect
#endif
#define OnPlayerConnect TEST_OnPlayerConnect

forward TEST_OnPlayerConnect(playerid);

public OnGameModeInit()
{
    Invoke_GetAddresses();
    //..

    if(funcidx("TEST_OnGameModeInit") != -1)
    {
        return CallLocalFunction("TEST_OnGameModeInit", "");
    }
    return 1;
}

#if defined _ALS_OnGameModeInit
    #undef OnGameModeInit
#else
    #define _ALS_OnGameModeInit
#endif
#define OnGameModeInit TEST_OnGameModeInit

forward TEST_OnGameModeInit();


public OnFilterScriptInit()
{
    Invoke_GetAddresses();
    //..

    if(funcidx("TEST_OnFilterScriptInit") != -1)
    {
        return CallLocalFunction("TEST_OnFilterScriptInit", "");
    }
    return 1;
}

#if defined _ALS_OnFilterScriptInit
    #undef OnFilterScriptInit
#else
    #define _ALS_OnFilterScriptInit
#endif
#define OnFilterScriptInit TEST_OnFilterScriptInit

forward TEST_OnFilterScriptInit();


//Public function for invoke
forward InvokeFunction();
public InvokeFunction()
{
    new Float:fVar;
    new Var[ 256 ];
    new iVar;

    // a_samp.inc
    SendClientMessage(0, 0, "");
    SendClientMessageToAll(0, "");
    SendDeathMessage(0, 0, 0);
    GameTextForAll("", 0, 0);
    GameTextForPlayer(0, "", 0, 0);
    GetTickCount();
    GetMaxPlayers();
    SetGameModeText("");
    SetTeamCount(0);
    AddPlayerClass(0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    AddPlayerClassEx(0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    AddStaticVehicle(0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0);
    AddStaticVehicleEx(0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0);
    AddStaticPickup(0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    ShowNameTags(0);
    ShowPlayerMarkers(0);
    GameModeExit();
    SetWorldTime(0);
    GetWeaponName(0, Var, sizeof( Var ) );
    EnableTirePopping(0);
    AllowInteriorWeapons(0);
    SetWeather(0);
    SetGravity(0.0);
    AllowAdminTeleport(0);
    SetDeathDropAmount(0);
    CreateExplosion(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0.0);
    //SetDisabledWeapons();
    EnableZoneNames(0);
    IsPlayerAdmin(0);
    Kick(0);
    Ban(0);
    SendRconCommand("");
    ShowPlayerDialog(0,0,0,"lol","lol","lol","lol");

    // a_players.inc
    SetSpawnInfo(0, 0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,0);
    SpawnPlayer(0);
    SetPlayerPos(0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
//  SetPlayerPosFindZ(0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    GetPlayerPos(0, fVar, fVar, fVar);
    SetPlayerFacingAngle(0,0.0);
    GetPlayerFacingAngle(0,fVar);
    SetPlayerInterior(0,0);
    GetPlayerInterior(0);
    SetPlayerHealth(0, 0.0);
    GetPlayerHealth(0, fVar);
    SetPlayerArmour(0, 0.0);
    GetPlayerArmour(0, fVar);
    SetPlayerAmmo(0, 0,0);
    GetPlayerAmmo(0);
    SetPlayerTeam(0,0);
    GetPlayerTeam(0);
    SetPlayerScore(0,0);
    GetPlayerScore(0);
    SetPlayerColor(0,0);
    GetPlayerColor(0);
    SetPlayerSkin(0,0);
    GivePlayerWeapon(0, 0,0);
    ResetPlayerWeapons(0);
    GetPlayerWeaponData(0, 0, iVar, iVar );
    GivePlayerMoney(0,0);
    ResetPlayerMoney(0);
    SetPlayerName(0, "");
    GetPlayerMoney(0);
    GetPlayerState(0);
    GetPlayerIp(0, Var, sizeof( Var ));
    GetPlayerPing(0);
    GetPlayerWeapon(0);
    GetPlayerKeys(0,iVar,iVar,iVar);
    GetPlayerName(0, Var, sizeof( Var ));
    PutPlayerInVehicle(0, 0,0);
    GetPlayerVehicleID(0);
    RemovePlayerFromVehicle(0);
    TogglePlayerControllable(0,0);
    PlayerPlaySound(0, 0, 0.0, 0.0,0.0);
    SetPlayerCheckpoint(0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,0.0);
    DisablePlayerCheckpoint(0);
    SetPlayerRaceCheckpoint(0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,0.0);
    DisablePlayerRaceCheckpoint(0);
    SetPlayerWorldBounds(0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    SetPlayerMarkerForPlayer(0, 0,0);
    ShowPlayerNameTagForPlayer(0, 0,0);
    SetPlayerMapIcon(0, 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0,0);
    RemovePlayerMapIcon(0,0);
    SetPlayerCameraPos(0,0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    SetPlayerCameraLookAt(0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    SetCameraBehindPlayer(0);
    AllowPlayerTeleport(0,0);
    IsPlayerConnected(0);
    IsPlayerInVehicle(0,0);
    IsPlayerInAnyVehicle(0);
    IsPlayerInCheckpoint(0);
    IsPlayerInRaceCheckpoint(0);
    SetPlayerTime(0, 0,0);
    TogglePlayerClock(0,0);
    SetPlayerWeather(0,0);
    GetPlayerTime(0,iVar,iVar);
    SetPlayerVirtualWorld(0,0);
    GetPlayerVirtualWorld(0);

    // a_vehicle.inc
    CreateVehicle(0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0,0,0);
    DestroyVehicle(0);
    GetVehiclePos(0,fVar,fVar,fVar);
    SetVehiclePos(0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    GetVehicleZAngle(0,fVar);
    SetVehicleZAngle(0,0.0);
    SetVehicleParamsForPlayer(0,0,0,0);
    SetVehicleToRespawn(0);
    LinkVehicleToInterior(0,0);
    AddVehicleComponent(0,0);
    ChangeVehicleColor(0,0,0);
    ChangeVehiclePaintjob(0,0);
    SetVehicleHealth(0,0.0);
    GetVehicleHealth(0,fVar);
    AttachTrailerToVehicle(0, 0);
    DetachTrailerFromVehicle(0);
    IsTrailerAttachedToVehicle(0);
    GetVehicleModel(0);
    SetVehicleNumberPlate(0,"");
    SetVehicleVirtualWorld(0,0);
    GetVehicleVirtualWorld(0);

    ApplyAnimation(0,"","",1.0,0,0,0,0,0);

    // a_objects.inc
    CreateObject(0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    SetObjectPos(0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    GetObjectPos(0,fVar,fVar,fVar);
    SetObjectRot(0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    GetObjectRot(0,fVar,fVar,fVar);
    IsValidObject(0);
    DestroyObject(0);
    MoveObject(0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    StopObject(0);
    CreatePlayerObject(0,0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    SetPlayerObjectPos(0,0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    GetPlayerObjectPos(0,0,fVar,fVar,fVar);
    GetPlayerObjectRot(0,0,fVar,fVar,fVar);
    SetPlayerObjectRot(0,0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    IsValidPlayerObject(0,0);
    DestroyPlayerObject(0,0);
    MovePlayerObject(0,0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0);
    StopPlayerObject(0,0);

    // Menu's
    CreateMenu("", 0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    DestroyMenu(Menu:0);
    AddMenuItem(Menu:0, 0, "");
    SetMenuColumnHeader(Menu:0, 0, "");
    ShowMenuForPlayer(Menu:0, 0);
    HideMenuForPlayer(Menu:0, 0);
    IsValidMenu(Menu:0);
    DisableMenu(Menu:0);
    DisableMenuRow(Menu:0,0);

    // Textdraw
    TextDrawCreate(0.0,0.0,"");
    TextDrawDestroy(Text:0);
    TextDrawLetterSize(Text:0, 0.0,0.0);
    TextDrawTextSize(Text:0, 0.0,0.0);
    TextDrawAlignment(Text:0, 0);
    TextDrawColor(Text:0,0);
    TextDrawUseBox(Text:0, 0);
    TextDrawBoxColor(Text:0, 0);
    TextDrawSetShadow(Text:0, 0);
    TextDrawSetOutline(Text:0, 0);
    TextDrawBackgroundColor(Text:0,0);
    TextDrawFont(Text:0, 0);
    TextDrawSetProportional(Text:0, 0);
    TextDrawShowForPlayer(0, Text:0);
    TextDrawHideForPlayer(0, Text:0);
    TextDrawShowForAll(Text:0);
    TextDrawHideForAll(Text:0);

    // Others
    funcidx("");
    gettime(iVar,iVar,iVar);
    getdate(iVar,iVar,iVar);
    tickcount(iVar);

    return 1;
}

#include "SDK\amx\amx.h"
#include "SDK\plugincommon.h"

#include "Invoke.h"

#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>


typedef void (*logprintf_t)(char* format, ...);

logprintf_t logprintf;
extern void *pAMXFunctions;


using namespace std;


//This function demonstrates: how to get a string (and its length) from PAWN.
//PAWN native: native PrintPawnString(const str[]);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL PrintPawnString(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    int
        len = NULL,
        ret = NULL;

    cell *addr  = NULL;

    //Get the address of our string param (str) and then get its length
    amx_GetAddr(amx, params[1], &addr);
    amx_StrLen(addr, &len);

    //if the length of input isnt 0
    if(len)
    {
        //We increase len because we want to make room for the terminating null char when we allocate memory.
        //Also because GetString's size parameter counts the null chracter, we have to specify the length
        //of the string + 1; otherwise our string will be truncated to make room for the null char (we'd lose 1 character).
        len++;

        //Allocate memory to hold our string we're passing (str) and then "get" the string using our allocated memory to store it.
        char* text = new char[ len ];
        amx_GetString(text, addr, 0, len);

        //Use logprintf to print out string (text). We dont use std::cout because it doesnt write to the server log (only the window).
        logprintf(text);

        //Deallocate our memory...
        delete[] text;
    }
    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: How to call a callback that is in a PAWN script.
//PAWN native: native EmitPawnCallback();
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL EmitPawnCallback(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    int idx;

    const cell var = 3;
    const cell arr[] = {100, 4, 33};
    const string str = "Some random message from C++.";


    //Pawn callback: forward OnPawnCallbackEmitted(var, arr[], str[]);
    //Find our callback and store its place in the public function table (it's index) into our idx var.
    if(!amx_FindPublic(amx, "OnPawnCallbackEmitted", &idx))
    {
        cell
            ret,
            addr;

        //Here we push our arguments to our function. Note that if the function has multiple arguments you have to push your
        //values in reverse order! Thats why we're pushing the string first, then the array, and finally our integer.

        amx_PushString(amx, &addr, NULL, str.c_str(), NULL, NULL);
        //amx_PushArray(amx, NULL, NULL, arr, sizeof(arr) / sizeof(cell));

        cell
            amx_addr,
            *phys_addr;

        //For some reason amx_PushArray seems to be crashing the server, and i have NO idea why. My usage should be completely
        //valid judging from the implementers guide, and the code itself. Since the function isnt working we'll have to
        //use the old method and allocate the memory, set it, and push it all ourselves. This is pretty straight forward. We
        //allocate memory on the heap using amx_Allot (this returns 2 addresses- one of the location in the abstract machine
        //(amx_addr), and one relative to the actual server's address space (phsy_addr - which we can use in C++)). Once the
        //memory is allocated we use memcpy to copy the memory from our array to our phys_addr address location.
        amx_Allot(amx, sizeof(arr) / sizeof(cell), &amx_addr, &phys_addr);
        memcpy(phys_addr, arr, sizeof(arr));
        amx_Push(amx, amx_addr);

        //Push our integer value
        amx_Push(amx, var);

        //Execute our function using our previously obtained idx var.
        //Note: This function's second parameter is what the callback returned (Can be NULL if you're not interested in return values).
        amx_Exec(amx, &ret, idx);

        //Release our memory that we allocated. The function amx_Alloc allocates memory on the heap in the abstract machine.
        //The functions amx_PushString and amx_PushArray both use this function internally so you have to release the memory every time
        //you use one of those functions. NOTE: We used both amx_PushString and amx_PushArray, and yet we only have ONE release call.
        //This is because memory on the heap is allocated in ascending order! amx_Release release all the memory above a certain point
        //(the second parameter, amx_addr - which is our addr variable). Since it does this we ONLY store the address from the amx_PushString
        //call, as it'll delete everything from that point on.
        amx_Release(amx, addr);

        //Print the return value (for completeness).
        logprintf("EmitPawnCallback NOTE:  OnPawnCallbackEmitted callback returned %d!", ret);

    }
    return 1;
}


//This function demonstrates: an alternative method to getting strings from pawn- and the possible risks that come with it.
//PAWN native: native PrintPawnString2(const str[]);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL PrintPawnString2(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    //This method is NOT recomended as the amx_StrParam macro uses the alloca function which is NOT a standard in C, OR C++.
    //Using this method comes with risks of overflowing the stack (If you allocate large amounts of memory) and also
    //gives you the risk of bugs (this function is machine AND compiler dependent- some implementations are said to be bugged).

    char* text = NULL;
    amx_StrParam(amx, params[1], text);

    //Check if text is null
    if(text != NULL)
    {
        //Use logprintf to print out string (text). We dont use std::cout because it doesnt write to the server log (only the window).
        logprintf(text);
    }
    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: how to modify a PAWN string.
//PAWN native: native SetPawnString(str[], len = sizeof(str));
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL SetPawnString(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    const string message = "This is a string from C/++!!";
    cell* addr = NULL;

    //Get the address of our string parameter (str) and store our message
    amx_GetAddr(amx, params[1], &addr);
    amx_SetString(addr, message.c_str(), 0, 0, params[2]);
    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: how to cast a float to a PAWN float.
//PAWN native: native Float:ReturnPawnFloatVal();
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL ReturnPawnFloatVal(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    //Since PAWN is a typeless language it stores everything as a 32bit integer and relies on tags to handle special data.
    //A floating point number is no exception to this; It's a still 32bit int, but it has a Float tag to show that it shouldnt
    //be treated like an regular integer. So how do we convert a float to an 32bit integer (for PAWN) without losing data?
    //The answer is the amx_ftoc macro!

    //The macro amx_ftoc type casts a float into a cell while preserving its bit pattern (amx_ctof does the inverse).
    const float f = 22.624f;
    return amx_ftoc(f);
}

//This function demonstrates: How to pass parameters by reference.
//PAWN native: native SetPawnReferenceVars(&value1, &Float:value2);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL SetPawnReferenceVars(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    const int val = 65;
    const float val2 = 84.54f;

    cell* addr[2] = {NULL, NULL};

    //Get the addresses of "value1" and "value2"
    amx_GetAddr(amx, params[1], &addr[0]);
    amx_GetAddr(amx, params[2], &addr[1]);

    //Dereference our pointers and assign our values. Remember to ALWAYS use the macro "amx_ftoc" to convert floats into
    //cells (the appropriate float format for PAWN)!
    *addr[0] = val;
    *addr[1] = amx_ftoc(val2);

    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: how to get and modify array values.
//PAWN native: native PrintPawnArray(arr[], size = sizeof(arr));
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL PrintPawnArray(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    //Make sure there's something to print...
    if(params[2] > 0)
    {
        cell* addr = NULL;

        //Get the address of the first value in our PAWN array.
        amx_GetAddr(amx, params[1], &addr);

        for(int i = 0, l = params[2]; i < l; i++)
        {
            //This is pretty straight forward: We dereference the addr pointer to get our value to print.
            //You should know this already, but arrays and pointers are almost the same thing, so we can use pointer
            //arithmetic to add an offset OR just use the subscript operator (in the end *(addr+1) and addr[1] are the same).
            logprintf("arr[%d] = %d", i, *(addr + i));

            //If you wanted to modify the array you would just change its value by dereferencing addr and assigning a new value.
            //You should know this as well, im just adding it in for completeness. Here we change the first value of our array
            //to 5 (Note: Since its the first value, no offset it used).

            // *(addr) = 5;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

//This function demonstrates: setting up invoke (fetching the addresses of our natives).
//PAWN native: native Invoke_GetAddresses();
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL Invoke_GetAddresses(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    return g_Invoke->getAddresses();
}

//This function demonstrates: how to use invoke to call SA-MP natives.
//PAWN native: native WhereIsPlayer(playerid);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL WhereIsPlayer(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    float
        x = NULL,
        y = NULL,
        z = NULL;

    //Get the player's position (and check to see if he is even connected).
    if(g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerPos, params[1], &x, &y, &z))
    {
        char name[24];

        //Get the rest of the player's information (name, interior, and virtualworld) and print it.
        g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerName, params[1], name);
        int interior = g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerInterior, params[1]);
        int virtualworld = g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerVirtualWorld, params[1]);

        logprintf("%s is at X: %.2f, Y: %.2f, Z: %.2f (Virtual world: %d, Interior %d).", name, x, y, z, virtualworld, interior);
        return 1;

    }
    return 0;
}

//This function demonstrates: how to write a native to act as a callback.
//PAWN native: native TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect(playerid);
cell AMX_NATIVE_CALL TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect(AMX* amx, cell* params)
{
    //Get the players name
    char name[24];
    g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::GetPlayerName, params[1], name);

    //Check if his name is "Mario".
    if(string("Mario") == name)
    {
        //If it is send our funny little message and kick him.
        g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::SendClientMessage, params[1], 0xFFFFFFFF, "Sorry {FF0000}Mario, {FFFFFF}but your princess is in another server.");
        g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::Kick, params[1]);
    }
    return 1;
}


//This function tells the server what capabilities our plugin will have based on what it returns. Generally we only use 3 support flags
//in plugins: SUPPORTS_VERSION, SUPPORTS_AMX_NATIVES, and SUPPORTS_PROCESS_TICK.
PLUGIN_EXPORT unsigned int PLUGIN_CALL Supports()
{
    //Note: If you're using the ProccessTick function, remember to export it in the .def file!
    return SUPPORTS_VERSION | SUPPORTS_AMX_NATIVES | SUPPORTS_PROCESS_TICK;
}

//The Load function is pretty straight forward. This is called when the plugin is loaded and gets passed an array of addresses that the plugin
//will use to function. The two indexes we typically use are PLUGIN_DATA_AMX_EXPORTS, and PLUGIN_DATA_LOGPRINTF.
PLUGIN_EXPORT bool PLUGIN_CALL Load(void **ppData)
{
    //allocate memory for out g_Invoke instance
    g_Invoke = new Invoke;

    //Assign the addresses of our AMX function table/logprintf function to their corasponding pointers.
    pAMXFunctions = ppData[PLUGIN_DATA_AMX_EXPORTS];
    logprintf = (logprintf_t) ppData[PLUGIN_DATA_LOGPRINTF];

    logprintf("* Test plugin was loaded.");
    return true;
}

//Unload is called when the plugin is unloaded (server shutdown).
PLUGIN_EXPORT void PLUGIN_CALL Unload()
{
    logprintf("* Test plugin was unloaded.");
}

//Our array of native info for amx_Register (function name and address).
AMX_NATIVE_INFO PluginNatives[] =
{
    {"PrintPawnString", PrintPawnString},
    {"PrintPawnString2", PrintPawnString2},
    {"SetPawnString", SetPawnString},
    {"ReturnPawnFloatVal", ReturnPawnFloatVal},
    {"SetPawnReferenceVars", SetPawnReferenceVars},
    {"PrintPawnArray", PrintPawnArray},
    {"EmitPawnCallback", EmitPawnCallback},
    {"WhereIsPlayer", WhereIsPlayer},
    {"Invoke_GetAddresses", Invoke_GetAddresses},
    {"TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect", TEST_Hook_OnPlayerConnnect},
    {0, 0}
};

//This function is called when a new AMX instance is loaded into the server. This will be called for every filterscript/gamemode! Because of this it isnt
//a good idea to store a single AMX instance for the entire plugin, instead use a queue/list/vector. In this function we also register our custom
//native functions we wish to provide PAWN with.
PLUGIN_EXPORT int PLUGIN_CALL AmxLoad( AMX *amx )
{
    //Any time a script is loaded we want to add it to invoke's AMX list, so we push back the list with the instance.
    g_Invoke->amx_list.push_back(amx);
    return amx_Register(amx, PluginNatives, -1);
}

//This function is called when every an AMX instance is unloaded. If you store AMX instances, make sure you remove them. Otherwise you'll have instances to
//non-existing gamemodes/filterscripts.
PLUGIN_EXPORT int PLUGIN_CALL AmxUnload( AMX *amx )
{
    //Every script that is unloaded needs to get removed from our AMX instance list. So we iterate through our list and find the instance that is being
    //unloaded, and we earase it from the list.
    for(list<AMX *>::iterator i = g_Invoke->amx_list.begin(); i != g_Invoke->amx_list.end(); ++i)
    {
        if(*i == amx)
        {
            g_Invoke->amx_list.erase(i);
            break;
        }
    }
    return AMX_ERR_NONE;
}

//ProcessTick is a function that gets called on every iteration of the server's loop. People generally use this function as a method of managing time by
//keeping track of the amount of ticks that have passed. The SA-MP server is said to have a sleep time of 5ms, so if 50 ticks go by you have an idea of
// the elapsed time (5 * 50 = 250ms). Note: Anyone who uses threads in their plugins and require PAWN interaction needs to use this function to ensure
//PAWN isnt busy doing another task!
PLUGIN_EXPORT void PLUGIN_CALL ProcessTick()
{
    static int tick = 0;
    const int NYAN_COUNT = 100;

    tick++;

    //Use the modulo operator to see if NYAN_COUNT ticks have passed (100 tick. 5ms sleep time * 100 ticks = 500ms).
    if(!(tick % NYAN_COUNT))
    {
        //If 100 ticks have passed send our funny little message to everyone.
        const char nyan[] = "{FF0000}NYAN {FFA500}NYAN {FFFF00}NYAN {00FF00}NYAN {0000FF}NYAN {551A8B}NYAN";
        g_Invoke->callNative(&PAWN::SendClientMessageToAll, 0, nyan);
    }
}